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Solntsevskaya Bratva
The Solntsevskaya Bratva (), also known as the Solntsevskaya Brotherhood or Solntsevskaya gang is the biggest and most powerful crime syndicate of the Russian mafia.
==Rise to power==
The Solntsevskaya gang was founded in the late 1980s by Sergei Mikhailov, a former waiter who'd served a prison term for fraud. Based out of the Solntsevo District of Moscow, the gang recruited local unemployed, aggressive young men as foot soldiers and also made use of thief in law Dzhemal Khachidze to enhance their reputation amongst established criminals. The Solntsevo District was also strategically located near the M-KAT highway leading to Ukraine, as well as the Vnukovo International Airport. Controlling these transport hubs allowed the Solntsevo group to muscle in on the car import business.〔McMafia: A Journey Through the Global Criminal Underworld - Misha Glenny〕 But by the early 1990s, the Solntsevo's dominance was challenged by the Chechen mafia. Together with the Orekhovskaya gang and other Slavic mobs, the Solntsevo made an alliance to drive the Chechens out.〔Khlebnikov P.; Conversation with a Barbarian: Interviews with a Chechen Field Commander on Banditry and Islam - Moscow, Detekiv-Press, 2003〕 The gang war claimed many casualties, and in a gun battle at the Kazakhstan Cinema six Chechens and four Russians were killed.〔(Paul Khlebnikov - Godfather of the Kremlin )〕
The gang was at one point linked to criminal mastermind Semion Mogilevich, through whom they laundered money. But a 1995 party at a Prague hotel, attended by Mikhailov as well as Uzbek drug trafficker Gafur Rakhimov, was raided by Czech police who received information that they were planning to kill Mogilevich there following a dispute. Mogilevich himself was nowhere to be found, having received advance information about both group's intentions.〔( "The Billion Dollar Don" ) (Transcript of BBC Panorama documentary which cites Mikhailov and Solntsevskaya in association with Mogilevich)〕
By the end of the 1990s, the Solntsevskaya gang started moving into the banking sector, a move which enabled them to launder their money as well as get closer to the oligarchs.〔Glenny; McMafia〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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